DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY UNIT - 4

DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

UNIT-4

CHEMICAL SAFETY & CONFINED SPACE

CONTENTS:

1. INTRODUCTION
2. MULTIPLE EFFECT OF CHEMICAL IN INDUSTRY
3. TOXICITY MEASUREMENT
4. SAFETY PROPERTIES OF HAZARDOUS FLAMMABLES
5. CHEMICAL HAZARDS EXPOSURES
6. CHEMICAL MEASURES
7. STORAGE AND HANDLING OF CHEMICALS
8. INVENTORY MEASURES TO CONTROL CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS.

9. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
10. JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS
11. CONFINED SPACE
12. JOB BREAK DOWN SHEET
13. HAZARD OPERABILITY STUDY
14. FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

MULTIPLE EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS IN INDUSTRY:

v  FIRE HAZARDS COMBUSTIBLEAND FLAMMABLE SOLIDS,LIQUIDS AND GASES FIRE HAZARDS

v  ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IT IS DUE TO INADEQUATE OR DEFECTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL OR TREATMENT METHOD

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE OF TOXIC OR CORRESIVE CHEMICALS.TOXIC OR CORROSIVE MATERIALS CAN SUDDENLY LEAK AS A RRISK EFFECT FROM

CHEMICAL(I.E TOXIC HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS) ARE:

v  ACUTE EFFECT- IMMEDIATE EFFECT E.G NB3, ACID BASES

v  LOCAL EFFECT- EFFECT ON CONFINED TO THE AFFECTED PART(CHEMICAL BRUISES)

v  CHRONIC EFFECT- EFFECT OFTEN DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE EG. TOXICITY BY CHROMIUM

v  SYSTEMATIC EFFECT-EFFECT ON COMLETE ONE OR MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM. EG.CO INHALKATION.H2S INHALATION,BENEZENE AND ANILINE POISIONING METHANOL POISONING ETC

CHEMICAL(I.E TOXIC HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS) ARE:

v  ACUTE EFFECT- IMMEDIATE EFFECT E.G NB3, ACID BASES

v  LOCAL EFFECT- EFFECT ON CONFINED TO THE AFFECTED PART(CHEMICAL BRUISES)

v  CHRONIC EFFECT- EFFECT OFTEN DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE EG. TOXICITY BY CHROMIUM

v  SYSTEMATIC EFFECT-EFFECT ON COMLETE ONE OR MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM. EG.CO INHALKATION.H2S INHALATION,BENEZENE AND ANILINE POISIONING METHANOL POISONING ETC

v  ESULTS OF MECHANICAL FAILURE IN ADVANCE OR DUE TO MISHANDLING ON A PART OF WORKER THUS CAUSING SERIOUS  ACCIDENTS.

v  ENVIRONMENTATL POLLUTION. IT IS DUE TO INADEQUATE OR DEFECTIVE WASTEDISPOSAL OR TREATMENT METHOD

RISK EFFECT FROM CHEMICAL(I.E TOXIC HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS) ARE:

v  ACUTE EFFECT- IMMEDIATE EFFECT E.G NB3, ACID BASES

v  LOCAL EFFECT- EFFECT ON CONFINED TO THE AFFECTED PART(CHEMICAL BRUISES)

v  CHRONIC EFFECT- EFFECT OFTEN DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE EG. TOXICITY BY CHROMIUM

v  SYSTEMATIC EFFECT-EFFECT ON COMLETE ONE OR MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM. EG.CO INHALKATION.H2S INHALATION,BENEZENE AND ANILINE POISIONING METHANOL POISONING ETC

CHEMICALS MAY BE BROADLY CLASSIFIED AS:

ASPHYXIATES:

v  SIMPLE MAN ASPHYXIATES ARE CARBOM-DI0OXIDE, NITROGEN, HYDROGEN,HYDROGEN ETC.

v  CHEMICAL ASPHYXIATES ARE CARBON MONOXIDE, HYDROGEN CYANIDE ETC.

IRRITANTS:

v  PRIMARY IRRITANTS ARE AMMONIA,SULPHUR DIOXIDE,CHLORINE ETC.

v  SECONDARY IRRITANTS ARE HYDROGEN SULPHIDE,CARBON DI SULPHIDE

v  ANESTHETICS

v  PRIMARY ARE GASOLINE ETHER ALCOHOL ETC.

v  SECONDARY ANESTHETICS WITH LIVER TOXICITY ARE CARBON TERRACHLORIDE AND WITH HEAMPOETIC TOXICITY ARE BENZENE NAPTHALENE ETC.

ORGANIC GROUP:

AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS COAL TAR

DERIVATIVES PHENOL, CRESOL ETC. MISCELLANEOUS GROUP:

v  INORGANIC LEAD ARSENIC CHROMIUM MANGANESE

v  INORGANIC ARSENIC STIBINE ETC.

v  ORGANIC METALLIC TERRA ETHYL LEAD(TEL) ETC.

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS ON HUMAN BODY

v  CHEMICALS CAN CAUSE ASPHYXIA OR SUFFOCATION

v  IT CAUSES IRRITATION TO RESPIRATORY TRACT OR OTHER VITAL ORGANS LIKE LIVER KIDNEY ETC.

v  SOME CHEMICALS CAUSE SEMI CONSCIOUSNESS OR UNCONSCIOUSNESS

HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL HAZARDS CAN BE PROBABLY CATEGORIZED AS:

v  SOLIDS:COMPRISING OF COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE SOLIDS,TOXIC AND CORROSIVE SOLIDS(INCLUDING RADIOACTIVE SUBSTRANCES) SOLIDS CAUSING SPONTANEOUS IGNITION OR VIOLENT REACTIONS (IN WATER OR AIR) EXPLOSIVE SOLIDS OR DETONATORS.

v  DUST: SOLIDS PARTICLES GENERATED BY HANDLING,GRINDLING GRINDING RAPID IMPACT DEFORMATION OF ORGAN OR INORGANIC MATERIALS SUCH AS ROCKS ORES COAL GRAIN WOOD ETC.

v  FUMES: SOLIDS PARTICLES GENERATED BY HANDLING GRINDLING RAPID IMPACT DEFORMATION OF ORGAN OR INORGANIC MATERIALS SUCH AS ROCKS ORES GRAIN WOOD

v  LIQUIDS COMPRISING OF COPMBUSTIBLES/FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS TOXIC AND XXXXX CAUSING EXPLOSIONS

v  MISTS:SUSPOENDED LIQUID DROPLETS GENERATED BY CONDENSATIONS FROM GASEOUS FOR THE LIQUID STATE SUCH AS SPRAYING FOAMING AND ATOMIZING.

v  GASES COMPRISING COMBUSTIBLE FLAMMABLE GASES TOXIC AND CORROSIVE GASES EXPLOSIVE OR MIXTURE OF GASES.

v  VAPORS: THE GASEOUS FORM OF SUBSTANCES WHICH ARE NORMALLY IN THE SOLID OR LIQUID STATE SUCH AS SPRAYING WHICH CAN BBE CHANGED TO THSES STATES BY EITHER INCREASING THE PRESSURE OR DECREASING THE TEMPERATURE ALONE

v  GASES:NORMALLY FORMLESS WHICH OCCUPYING THE  SPACE OF THE ENCLOSURE AND WHICH CAN BE CHANGED TO THE LIQUID SOLID STATE ONLY BY COMBINED EFFECT OF INCREASED PRESSURE AND DECREASED TEMPERTURE

v  SMOKE: GENERALLY IT IS ORGANIC BUT IT MAY INCLUDE SYSTEM CONSISTING PARTICLES OF LOW VAPOUR PRESSURE WHICH SETTLE SLOWLY UNDER GRAVITY

v  FIRE AND EXPLOSION: SOME CHEMICALS HAVE FLASH POINT LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 27%C GIVE OUT VAPOUR JUST SUFFICIENT TO IGNITE IN AIR SOME CHEMICALS BURN WITH EXPLOSION OR SOME GASES UNDER PRESSURE CARRY THE POSSIBILITY OF EXPLOSION(H2LPG)

v  EXAMPLES OF CHEMICALS HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS:

1. CARELESSNESS IN HANDLING OF ELECTRICITY
2. IMPROPER AND UNSAFE INSTALLATION
3. IMPRPOER DESIGN SELECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPTMENT DEVICES INTENT CONNECTING CABLES

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS CLASSIFIEDS:

1. ELECTRIC SHOCK
2. ELECTRIC FLASH
3. ELECTRIC BURN

ELECTRIC FIRES /EXPLOSIONPURPOSE OF EARTHING:

1. TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK TO HUMAN BODY
2. TO AVOID RISK OF FIRE DUE TO EARTH LEAKAGES CURRENT THROUGH UNWANTED PATH
3. TO ENSURE THAT NOP CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR RISES TO A POTENTIAL WITH RESPECT TO EARTH THAN ITS DESIGNED INSULATION IT IS NOT SAFE TO WORK ON EQUIPTMENT WHICH IS NOT EARTHED AN EARTHING ELECTRODE SHALL NOT BE SITUATED WITHIN A DISTANCE OF 1.5 MTS FROM THE BUILDINGS WHOSE INSTALLATION SYSTEM BEING EARTHED.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF EARTHING:

1. EARTHING THROUGH A WATER MAINS
2. WIRE OR STRIP EARTHING
3. PIPE EARTHING
4. PLATE EARTHING
5. ROD EARTHING

DOUBLE EARTHING:

PURPOSE:

1. IF ONE EARTHING SYSTEM FAILS THE OTHER WILL OPERATE.
2. INSTALLATION OF TWO REDUCES THE RESISTANCE OF THE EARTHING SYSTEM TO MINIMUM POSSIBLE VALUE.

3. THIS SYSTEM PROVIDES ADDITIONAL SAFETY MEASURES TO9 ELIMINATE CHANCES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS.

P.P.E:

1. TESTED RIBBER HAND GLOVES
2. SAFETY BOOT
3. SAFETY HELMET
4. ALUMINIUM LADDER
5. ELECTRICITY
6. OBJECTIVES:
7. THE PURPOSE OF STUDY ON ELECTRICITY IS TO IDENTIFY THE RISKS AND TO TAKE CORRECT AT DESIGN INSTALLATIONS & OPERATIONAL STAGES TO ENSURE ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS ARE ELIMINATED.
8. RELAY: A PROTECTIVE RELAY IS AN ELECTRICAL DEVICE CONNECTED BETWEEN THE MAIN CIRCUIT AND THE CIRCUIT BREAKER THAT DETECTS THE FAULTS AND INITIATES THE OPERATION OF THE CIRCUIT BREAKER
9. FUSING CURRENT:
10. IT IS MAXIMUM VALUE OF CURRENT AT WHICH THE FUSE ELEMENT MELTS &THUS DISCONNECT THE CIRCUIT
11. CONDUCTOR: A SUBSTANCES OR BODY WHICH ALLOWS CURRENT OF ELECTRICITY TO PASS CONTINOUSLY
12. EARTHING: AN OBJECT SAID TO BE EARTHED WHEN IT IS ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED BY MEANS OF AN EARTH CONNECTED

1 TO 8 MA

PERCEPTIBLE BUT NOT  PAINFUL

8 TO 15 MAELCB(EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER):

1. ELCB CAN DETECT SMALL CURRENT FLOWING TO EARTH THROUGH HUMAN BODY AND BREAKS THE CIRCUIT TO AVOID OF SHOCK PREVENT INJURY OR FATAL.
2. ELCB DEVICES SHALL DETECT THE FAULT CURRENT INTERRUPT THE SUPPLY AND GREATLY REDUCE THE RSIK OF FIRE.
3. ELCB SERVES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION
4. FUNCTIONING OF ELCB SHOULD BE TESTED ONCE IN A MONTH.

EVERY WORKER THAT ENTERS A CONFINED SPACE MUST BE FULLY TRAINED ON THE FOLLOWING:

v  RECOGNITION AND IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONFINED SPACES THAT WILL BE ENTERED.

v  EVALUATION AND CONTROL PROCEDURES FOR THE IDENTIFIED OR POTENTIAL HAQZARDS

v  ALL EQUIPTMENT SUCH AS VENTILLATION EQUIPTMENTS(BLOWERS) HARNESSES AND AIR QUALITY MONITORS THAT WILL BE USED WHILE IN THE SPACE CONFINED

PAINFUL SHOCK MUSCULAR CONTROL IS NOT LOST

15 TO 20 MA

PAINFUL SHOCK

20 TO 50 MA

SEVERE MUSCULAR CONTRACTION BREATHING DIFFICULT

50 TO 100 MA

POSSIBLE DEATH VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION A HEARTS CONDITION THAT BRESULTS IN INSTANTS DEATH

200 MA AND ABOVE

CERTAIN DEATH

v  ALL PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENTS THAT THE WORKERS WILL BE USING WHILE IN THE CONFINED SPACES

v  ALL PROCEDURES FOR ENTERING THE CONFINED SPACES AS OUTLINED IN THE EMPLOYER CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

v  PRODURES TO FOLLOW IN THE VENT OF A SITUATIONS DEVELOPING THAT COULD PRESENT ADDITIONAL RISK TO THE WORKER OR AN EMERGENCY

v  THE SPECIFIC WORK TO BE DONE WHILE IN THE CONFINED SPACES

v  WORKERS WITH EMERGENCY RESCUE RESPONSIBILTY WILL NEED ADDITIONAL SPECIALIZED TRAINING

COURSES:

v  Diploma in occupational Health And Safety

v  Diploma in industrial safety

v  Diploma in electrical safety

v  Diploma in fire fighting

v  Diploma in construction safety

v  Certificate in fire and safety engineering

v  Diploma in fire and safety engineering

v  PG diploma in fire and safety engineering

v  Certificate in oil  and Gas safety

v  Diploma in oil and Gas safety

v  Diploma in health ,safety and Environment

v  PG diploma in Health ,safety Environment

v  JOB PLACEMENT :

NSA will give100% job placement assistance to all successful candidates. Some of the Industries are listed below.

   Oil Refineries, 

   Port trust,
   Airport,
   Chemical Industries,
   Insurance,
   Construction and
   service industries are main job providers.

Students passed out from this institute can find job opportunities as Safety Supervisor, Safety Inspector, Safety Officer, Safety Manager, Fireman and Fire Officer.

  Contact us:

No. 714, 1st Floor, M.T.H Road,
Mannurpet, Chennai – 600 050.
+91 7667442300
Ph: 26242038 ,26242318

Mobile No:8643055672

Website – http://safetyacademy.in/

Email : info@safetyacademy.in

Diploma in Industrial Safety UNIT -3

NSA is a professional educational institute offering courses in the field of Fire and Safety.

About Us:

NSA was started in 1995 by St.John safety and Health society, non profit organization registered under societies act and Affiliated with Indian society for technical education ISTE partner of AICTE, Govt.of India.

DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

CHAPTER-3

WORK PROCEDURES

CONTENTS:

1. INTRODUCTION
2. INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
3. EMPLOYEES TRAINING IN SAFETY
4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EDUCATION AND TRAINING
5. ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING NEEDS
6.  METHODS OF TRAINING
7. RISK ANALYSIS
8. RISK ASSESSMENT CONCEPTS

9. HAZARDS CONTROL
10. QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS PROCEDURES
11. RISK TOLERABLITY
12. EMERGENCY CONTROL PLAN
13. DISEASTER MANAGEMENT
14. ON SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
15. OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
16. GAS CYLINDERS

INTRODUCTION

INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY:

v  INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY IS STUDY OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND IS CONCERNED WITH THYE DISCOVERY OF INFORMATION RELATING TO HUMANBEHAVIOURAND IS CONCERNED WITH THE DISCOVERY OF INFORMATION RELATING TO HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

v  IT IS CONCERNED WITH PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF WORK ENVIRONMENT LIKE LIGHTING TEMPERATURE AND THEIR EFFECT ON OUTPUT AND SAFETY OF THE WORKER

SCOPE OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY:

v  TO INVESTIGATE IN AN UNBIASED MANNER THE WAYS IN WHICH PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS ARE HANDLED AT PRESENT

v  TO DEVELOP[ NEW METHODS AND TO MODIFY THE METHODS WHICH HAVE BEEN TRIED OUT AND EVALUATE THEM.

v  TO FORMULATE CERTAIN PRINCIPLE THIS WILL HELP IN THE SOLUTIONS OF HUMAN RELATIONS PROBLEMS

v  IT OMITS MANY OF THE ROUTING ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS

v  INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY EMPHASIZES THE SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH ASPECTS OF PEOPLE AT WORK

ADVANTAGES OF TAINTING IN SAFETY ARE:

1. TRAINING HELPS TO DEVELOP SAFETY CONSCIOUSNESS AMOUNT THE EMPLOYEES AND BUILD UP FAVOURABLES ATTITUDES ON THEIR PART TOWARDS SAFETY MEASURES AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. TRAINING IMPARTS KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL WHICH IMPROVE PRECEPTIONS ANDLEADS TO SAFE WORK PERFORMANCES ON THE PART OF THE EMPLOYEES
2. TRAINING ACTIVITIES INDIRECTLY DEMONSTRATE COMPANY INTEREST IN EMPLOYEES WHICH LEADS TO GOOD HUMAN RELATIONS AT WORK.

LEVEL:

1. HELPERS(1 DAY)

v  NEED FOR SAFETY AT WORK

v  HAZARDS CONDUCTED WITH THEIR TASKS AND WAYS TO SAFEGUARD

v  SAFETY IN HANDLING AND STORAGE

v  STEPS IN HANDLINGS AND STORAGE

v  STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN EMERGENCY

2. OPERATORS(3 DAYS)

v  INTRODUCTION TO SAFETY AND COMPANYS POLICY

v  COMMON CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

v  ACCIDENTS PREVENTION

v  SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN THE JOB

v  ROLE OF WORKMEN IN SAFETY

v  SAFETY IN HANDLING AND STORAGE

v  INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

v  PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENTS

v  STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID

           SUPERVISORS(5 DAYS)

v  SAFETY AND COMPANYS POLICY

v  SAFETY AND THE LAW

v  PLANT HOSUEKEEPING

v  COMMON CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS IN THE PLANT

v  ACCIDENTS INVESTGATION AND ANALYSIS

v  PLANT SAFETY INSPECTION

v  FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL

v  PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENTS

v  EMPLOYEES EDUCATION AND MOTIVATION

v  ROLE OF SUPERVISORS IN SAFETY

MANAGERS:

v  INTRODUCTION TO SAFETY AND HEALTH AND COMPANYS POLICY

v  LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE EMPLOYER

v  IDENTIFICATRION AND CONTROL OF HAZARDS

v  ELEMNTS OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

v  OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

v  ACCIDENTS AND ASSOCIATED COSTS.

v  MANAGING SAFETY

v  ROLE OF MANAGERS IN SAFETY

v  PREVENTIVE AND CONTROL MEASURES

ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING NEEDS:

1. WHAT ARE THE CURRENT SAFETY PROBLEMS OF THE ORGANIZATION(I.E ACCIDENTS/ OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE ETC)?
2. WHAT ARE AREAS OF SAFETY TRAINING?
3. WHEN TRAINING SHOLUD BE IMPARTED?
4. WHO SHOULD BE GIVEN TRAINING?
5. WHEN AND HOW TO EVALUATE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING?

METHODS OF TRAINING:

1. ON THE JOB INSTRUCTIONS BY THE SUPERVISOR OR A SENIOR WORKER AT THE TIME OF ALLOCATIONS OF THE JOB TO THE WORKER
2. LECTURE ON SAFETY BY EXTERNAL INTERNAL FACULTY UTILIZING SUITABLE BLEND OF ORAL INSTRUCTIONS AND AUDIO VISUAL AIDS
3. DISCUSSIONS LED BY EXPERT FACULTY MEMBERS COVERING RELEVANT SAFETY ISSUES.

RISK ANALYSIS

v   HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

v  CAUSE CONSEQUENCES ANALYSIS

v  HAZARDSAND OPERABILITY STUDIES

v  FAULT TREE/EVENT ANAKYSIS FOR FREQUENCE ASSESSEMENT

v  SAFETY AUDIT STUDIES

v  INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETIES RISK ASSESSMENT

v  RISK CONTOUR MAPPING

THE REQUIREMENTS OF QRA  ARE:

v  SYSTEMS ARE IN PLACE TO IDENTIFY HAZRADS  ANALYZE RISKS FROM THE HAZARDS AND EVALUTE WAYS EITHER TO ELIMINATE HAZARDS OR TO MANAGE RISKS.

v  APPROPRAITELY REVIEW OF RISKS TOBE CONDUCTED AT LEAST ONCE IN THREE FOR EXISTING UNITS PIPELINES AND MARKETING INSTALLATIONS FOR ONGOING OPERATIONS BASED ON

1. MULTI DISCIPLINARY INETRNAL SAFETY AUDITS
2. OISDS EXTERNAL SAFETY AUDITS
3. REGULATORY COMPLIANCES
4. WALK THROUGH ASSESSMENT
5. HAZOP
6. PREVIOUS RISK ASSESSMENT
7. PREVIOUS QUANTITIES RISK ANALYSIS

v  APPROPRIATE RISK ANALYSIS ANSD ASSESSEMENTS ARE CONDUCTED FOR NEW PROJECTS THAT INCLUDE

1. PHILOSOPHY REVIEW
2. PLANT REVIEW PLANT LAYOUT PROCESS TECHNOLOGY ETC.
3. INHERENT SAFETY
4. PROCESS DESIGN SAFETY
5. HAZOP
6. QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS
7. CONSTRUCTION RISK SAFETY

RISK ANALYSIS INVOLVES:

v  THE DEFICATION OF RISKS HOWVERE THEY MAY ARISE AND WHOEVER THEY MAY AFFECT

v  THE ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS AS TO THEIR PROBABILITY OF OCCURING AND THE IMPACT THEY WOULD HAVE IF THEY DID OCCUR

v  TO ALLOCATE SUCH RISKS BETWEEN THE MAN PROJECT PARTIES.

v   PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE: WHATEVER THE CONTRACTING PHILOSOPHY, A STRONG PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE AND CULTURE IS REQUIRED IN ORDER TO DEAL WITH THE COMPLEX ISSUES INVOLVED IN DELIVERING A FUNCTIONING PLANT TO TIME AND BUDGET. IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT IN MINIMIZING THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE PROBLEMS WHICH OCCUR IN EVERY PROJECT.

v   CONSTRUCTION RISKS: THE PRINCIPAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PLANT ITSELF SHOULD BE TRANSFERRED TO THE TURNKEY CONTRACTOR

v  CLIMATE AND WEATHER RISKS: CLEARLY THE MONSOON CREATES GREAT DIFFICULTIES OR OUTDOOR CONSTRUCTIONS, WHICH HAS TO BE PROGRAMMED WITH PERIOD OUTSIDE THEN MONSOON SEASON, WITH WEATHYER TIGHT STRUCTURES COMPLETED BEFORE THE RAINS ARRIVE. ANY PROJECT DELAYS CAN

HAZARDS CONTROL

1. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL MEASURES(PERSONAL HOUSE KEEPING, MAINTENANCE ETC.) AND
2. ENGINEERING CONTROL MEASURES (ISOLATION, DESIGN FEATURES, OPERATING PROCEDURES, WORKING, WORKING EQUIPTMENTS,ETC.) HUMAN CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS MUST BE GIVEN DUE CONSTRUCTIONS IN ANY TYPE OF CONTROL MEASURES.

EMERGENCY CONTROL PLAN:

OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

v   RAPID CONTROL AND CONTAINMENT OF THE AFFECTED PERSONS

v  MINIMIZING THE ISK AND IMPACT OF EVENT/ACCIDENTS ON PEOPLE, PROPERTY AND ENVIRONMENT

v  EFFECTIVE REHABILITION OF THE AFFECTED PERSONS

v  MANUFACTURING PROCESS

v  LOCATION OF THE INDUSTRY

v  PLANT LAYOUT AND MATERIALS HANDLING

1. ON SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

v   EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION

v  PLANT RISK EVALUATION

v  MEDICAL FACILITIES

v  EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES

v  CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS

v  NOTIFICATION AND COMMUNIACTION SYSTEMS

v  SAFETY TRAINING

v  DRILLS AND EXERCISES

v  TESTING AND EVALUTIONS OF THE EMERGENCY PLAN

         OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN

EMERGENCY ORGANIZATIONS:

v  SELECTING PERSONS IN CHARGE/ALTERNATES

v  SPECIFYING THE FUNCTIONS OF EACH KEY INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP

v  MAINTAINING TELEPHONE NUMBERS(OFFICE AND HOE) OF KEY PEOPLE ALTENATES

RISK EVALUATION:

v  DETAILS OF HAZRADOUS MATERIALS

v  QUANTITY OF HAZRADOUS MATERIALS

v  LOCATIONS OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

v  PRPERTIES OF EACH (MSDS SHEET) HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

v  HANDLING MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS

v  SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES(IF ANY)

EMERGENCY EQUIPTMENTS AND FACILITIES:

v  FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPTMENTS

v  EMERGENCY MEDICAL SUPPLIES

v  SELF CONSTRAINED BREATHING APPARATUS

v  GOOGLES, BOOTS, RUBBER GLOVES, HELMETS

v  OTHER PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENTS

SAFETY TRAINING:

v   INDUCTION TRAINING FOR NEW EMPLOYEES

v  SAFE HANDLING OF CHEMICALS/INFLAMMABLE EQUIPTMENTS

v  PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING EMERGENCIES

v  KNOWLEDGE OF ALARM SYSTEMS

v  USE OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPTMENTS

v  PERMIT PROCEDURES

v   USE OF PERSONAL/PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENTS

v  EVACUATION PROCEDURES

          DRILLS AND EXERCISES: OBJECTIVES

v  PROVIDE HAND ON EXPERIENCE WITH THE PROCEDURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED  DURING AN EMERGENCY DURING AN EMERGENCY

v  TEST THE VALIDITY OF THE PLAN AND PROCEDURES

v  FAMILIARIZE THE RESPONSE PERSONNEL WITH EQUIPTMENTS

TESTING AND EVALUATING AN EMERGENCY PLAN

v  ASSESS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PLAN AND ITS RESPONSE

v  ESTABLISH CRITERIA FOR CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTIONS

v  TEST KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL OF PARTICIPATING PERSONNEL

v  IDENTIFY TRAINING NEEDS OF RESPONSE PERSONNEL

v  TEST THE COMMUNICATIONS NETWOORK AND COOPERATIVE RESPONSE SKILLS.

OFF SITE EMERGENCY PLAN REQUIRE ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES:

v  EMERGENCY ACTIONS

v  COMMUNICATIONS WITH AUTHORITIES CONCERNED

v  EVACUATION SHELTERING PLAN

GAS CYLINDERS

1. CYLINDERS MANUFACTURED IN INDIA ARC FITTED WITH SAFETY RELIEF DEVICES. SUCH DEVICES SHLL BE MANUFACTURED AND MAINTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INDIAN STANDARD 5903

HANDLING STORAGE

1. CYLINDERS SHALL BE ADEQUATELY SUPPORTED DURING HANDLING
2. TROLLEYS AND CRADLES OF ADEQUATE STRENGHT SHALL BE USED WHEN MOVING THE CYLINDERS
3. SLIDINTHE CYLINDERS SHALL BE HANDLED CAREFULLY AND NOT BE ALLOWED TO ALL UPON ONE ANOTHER OR OTHERWISE SUBJECTEDTO ANY UNDUE SHOCK
4. LIQUEIFIED PETROLEUM GAS CYLINDERS AND CYLINDERS CONTAINING LIQUEFIED GASES SHALL ALWAYS BE KEPT IN AN UPRIGHT POSITION AND SHALL BE SO PLACE THAT THEY NOT BE KNOCKED OVER
5. OPEN FLAMES LIGHTS, LIGHING OF FIRES WELDING AND SMOKING SHALL BE PROHIBITED IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO ANY CYLINDERS CONTAINING CLAMMABLE GASES EXCEPT THOSE WHOLE IN USE FOR WELDING CUTTING AND HEATING
6. G,DROPPING, OR PLAYING WITH CYLINDERS PROHIBITED

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

JOB SAFETY BREAK DOWN SHEET CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

1. NAME OF OPERATION FOR JSA
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATION
3. HAZARDS(POTENTIAL/EXISTING)
4. PRECAUTION/REMEDIES

JSA: A PERSON WELL CONVERSANT WITH THE JOB OPERATION SHOULD DO JSA A SUPERVISOR IN ASSOCIATION WITH SENIOR PERSONNEL OR OFFICER CAN DO IT OR A SMALL COMMITTEE CAN DO IT.

ADVANTAGES :

1. HELPS TO IDENTIFY HAZARDS  AND PREVENT ACCIDENT
2.  HELPS TO ESTABLISH SAFE WORK METHOD WORKING CONDITONS SUITABLE PLANT SAFETY RULES,PPE REQUIREMENTS ETC.
3. HELPS TO ESTABLISH IN PLANT SAFETY INSPECTION HELPS TO ACCESS THE REQUIREMENTS INCLUDING SAFETY TRAINING OF NEW WORKERS/EXISITING WORKERS.

A LIST GUIDED WORDS ARE GIVEN BELOW

1. NO OR NOT
2. MORE
3. LESS
4. AS WELL AS
5. PART OF
6. REVERSE
7. OTHER THAN

A SIMPLE EXAMPLE IS GIVEN BELOW

1. SUPPLY TANK IS EMPTY
2. PUMP FAILS TO TURN
3. MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL FAILURE
4. PUMP IS SWITCHED OFF
5. PIPE LINE IS FRACTURED
6. ISOLATION VALUE IS CLOSED.

DEVIATION IS LESS PASSED INOT THE REACTION VESSEL THE CAUSES MAY BE

1. ISOLATION VALVE IS SLIGHTLY CLOSED
2. THE PUYMP IS PARTLY BLOCKED
3. THE PUMP FAILS TO PRODUCE FULL FLOW-BECAUSE THE IMPELLERS ARE ERODED BECAUSE VALVE IS WORN ETC.

PRINCIPLE OF TOTAL LOSS INCIDENT CONTROL:

v  TRY TO INVESTIGATE ALL ACCIDENTS, FIND OUT THE CAUSES INCLUDING CONTRIBUTING CAUSES AND WORK OUT REMNEDIAL MEASURES TO PREVENT RECURRENCES OF SUCH ACCIDENTS.

v  ANTICIPATE POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES AND WORK THEIR CONTROL PREVENTION E.G.UNUSUAL NON ROUTINE WORK AND PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES MAINTENANCE WORK SOURCES OF HIGH ENERGY WHICH MAY LEAD TO EXPLOSION FIRE TO TOXIC RELEASE ETC.,

v  3.SAFETY SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS ANOTHER NORMAL ACTIVITY OF THE FACTORY MANAGEMENT SHOULD REALIST THAT SAFETY IS ANALOGOUSS TO COST QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT MAY SET GOALS FOR SAFETY PLANNING COORDINATING AND CONTROLLING TO ACHIEVE THE GOALS/OBJECTIVES FAULT TREE ANALYSIS IS A BIOGRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE LOGICAL RELATION BETWEEN A PARTICULAR SYSTEM ACCIDENT(TO PREVENT)AND THE PRIMARY CAUSE EVENTS.

v  4.THE KEY TO EFFECTIVE LINE SAFETY PERFORMANCE LIES IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PROCEDURES BY MANAGEMENT FOR FIXING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR SAFETY.IF WE ENSURE #4,#3 WILL BW EFFECTIVE SINCE #3,#4  ARE COMPLEMENTARY. LOSS CONTROL MANAGEMENT INVOLVES CONTROL OVER AVAILABLE LOSSES LIKE MEN, MATERIALS AND WORKING ENVIRONMENT.

COURSES:

v  Diploma in occupational Health And Safety

v  Diploma in industrial safety

v  Diploma in electrical safety

v  Diploma in fire fighting

v  Diploma in construction safety

v  Certificate in fire and safety engineering

v  Diploma in fire and safety engineering

v  PG diploma in fire and safety engineering

v  Certificate in oil  and Gas safety

v  Diploma in oil and Gas safety

v  Diploma in health ,safety and Environment

v  PG diploma in Health ,safety Environment

  JOB PLACEMENT :

NSA will give100% job placement assistance to all successful candidates. Some of the Industries are listed below.

        Oil Refineries, 

  Port trust,
   Airport,
   Chemical Industries,
   Insurance,
   Construction and
   service industries are main job providers.

Students passed out from this institute can find job opportunities as Safety Supervisor, Safety Inspector, Safety Officer, Safety Manager, Fireman and Fire Officer.

Contact us:

No. 714, 1st Floor, M.T.H Road,
Mannurpet, Chennai – 600 050.
+91 7667442300
Ph: 26242038 ,26242318

Mobile No:8643055672

Website – http://safetyacademy.in/

Email : info@safetyacademy.in