NSA is a professional educational institute offering courses in the field of Fire and Safety.
About Us:
NSA was started in 1995 by St.John safety and Health society, non profit organization registered under societies act and Affiliated with Indian society for technical education ISTE partner of AICTE, Govt.of India.
Diploma in Industrial Safety :
CHAPTER 5
ACCIDENT HISTORY
FUNDAMENTALS OF SAFETY:
v INJURY
OR DEATH OF A WORKER
v DAMAGE
TO THE PLANT AND EQUIPTMENTS
v DISRUPTION
TO THE PLANT AND EQUIPTMENTS
v LOWERS
MORALE OF PERSONNEL
v PROLONGED
ABSENCE OF TRAINED WORKER FOR TREATMENT
ACCIDENTS MAY OCCUR DUE TO:
a) HUMAN
ERROR 88% ACCIDENTS ARE CAUSED DUE TO UNSAFE PRACTICE LACK OF FORESIGHT WRONG
ATTITUDE ETC.
b) MECHANICAL
FAILURE. 105 ACCIDENTS ARE CAUSED DUE TO PLANT CONDITIONS EQUIPTMENTS OR TOOL
FAILURE
c) ACTS
OF NATURE ONLY 2% ACCIDENTS ARE CAUSED DUE TO WEATHER FLOOD OR CYCLONE IT IS
NECESSARY TO ELIMINATE UNSAFET ACTS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS TO AVOID ACCIDENTS
SAFETY CAN BE DEFINED AS FREEDOM FROM THOSE CONDITIONS THAT CAN CAUSE INJURY
DEATH TO PERSON OR DAMAGE TO EQUIPTMENT OR PROPERTY
SAFETY IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE:
v ACCIDENTS
CAUSE PAIN AND SUFFERING
v ACCIDENTS
ARE COSTLY
v ACCIDENTS
REFLECT MORALE AND DECREASE PRODUCTIVITY
v ACCIDENTS
REFLECT POORLY ON THE MANAGEMENT
v COST
OF PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS IS LOWER THAN COST OF HANDLING
UNSAFE CONDITIONS AND UNSAFE ACTS RESULTS IN ONE OR MORE
OF THE FOLLOWING:
v LOSS
OF PRODUCTION/PROJECT FOR THE MANAGEMENT
v LOSS
OF THE EMPLOYEE EARNINGS
v DAMAGE
TO THE PLANT AND MACHINERY
v PREMATURE
DEATH OF EMPLOYEE
v PAIN/SUFFERING/HARDSHIPS
TO THE INJURED EMPLOYEE AND HIS FAMILY
v EXPENSES
ON MEDICAL AID
v EXPENSES
ON RECRUITMENT AND TRAINING OF NEW EMPLOYEES
v DETERIORATIONS
IN EMPLOYER EMPLOYEES RELATIONS
v LOSS
OF EMPLOYEES MORALE
v DROP
IN PRODUCTIVITY OF THE ORGANIZATION
v LOSS
OF REPUTATION
SAFETY IN THE INDUSTRY HELPS IN:
- IMPROVING
PRODUCTION/PRODUCTIVITY
- REDUCING
PRODUCTION COST
- REDUCING
DAMAGE TO PLANT AND MACHINERY
- PREVENTING
PREMATURE DEATH OF SKILLED WORKERS
- AVOIDING
NEEDLES PAIN AND SUFFERINGS TO THE SUFFERINGS TO THE EMPLOYEES AND THEIR
FAMILIES
SAFETY ORGANIZATION:
- THE
COMPANY SHALL HAVE A SAFETY ORGANIZATION TO COORDINATE MONITOR PROMOTE AND
ENHANCE THE SAFETY & OCCUPATIONAL HELATH ACTIVITIES OF THE PLANT AND
OTHER UNITS
- THE
SAFETY DEPARTMENTS WILL BE MANNED BY PROFESSIONALLY QUALIFIED PERSONS AS
PER THE STATUTORY PROVISIONS
- THE
SAFETY DEPARTMENTS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS
ACCIDENTS PREVENTRION CONTROL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS
SAFETY PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES TO CREATE A CLIMATE
CONDUCXTIVE FOR SAFETY CONSCIOUSNESS CULTIVATION OF SAFETY CULTURE AND SAFE
WOREKING HABITS AMONG ALL EMPLOYEES.
TO ORGANIZE PROGRAMMES FOR TRAINING AND EDUCATION ON
SAFETY AND
v TO ENSURE USE OF APPROPRIATE PERSONAL
PRPTECTIVE EQUIPTMENT BY THE EMPLOYEES
THE POLICY:
- THE
SAEFTY AND HEALTH OF ALL EMPLOYEES IS ONE OF THE PRIME CONCERNS OF THE
COMPANY
- THE
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY OF THE COMPANY IS TO SERVE AS AN
INSTRUCMENT FOR CREATING AWARENESS ABOUT SAFE AND HEALTHY WORK PRACTICES
AND FOR MAINTAINING SAFETY AND HEALTH CONSCIOUSNESS AMONG THE EMPLOYEES AT
ALL LEVELS OF THE ORGANIZATIONS
- ALL
THE MAIN UNITS AND SUPPORTIVE UNITS OF THE COMPANY WILL ADOPT TECHNIQUES
FOR MANUFACTURING HANDLING AND DISPOSING OFF ALL THE SUBSTANCES SAFETY
WITHOUT CREATING UNACCEPTABLES RISK TO EQUIPTMENTS ENOUGH TO PREVENT
HAZARDS OR THE ENVIRONMENT
- THE
COMPANY WILL ADOPT SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS WHERE LAWS REGULATIONS MAY
NOT BE AVAILABLE OR PROTECTIVE ENOUGH TOM PREVENT HAZARDS
- EVERY
EMPLOYEE OF THE COMPANY WILL BE REQUIRED TO ADHERE TO THE POLICY BOTH IN
LETTER AND IN SPIRIT
- THE
COMPANY SHALL COMPLY STRICTLY WITH ALL RELEVANT ACT LAWS RULES AND
REGULATIONS OF THE STATE AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS
- MANAGEMENT
WILL HAVE ALL AUTHORITY TO TAKE RESOURCES TO ACTION FOR VIOLATION OF
STATUTORY PROVISION ON SAFETY AND HEALTH AS WELL AS THE RULES AND
PROCEDURES FRAMED FOR THE PURPOSE IN ACCORDANCE WITH STANDING ORDERS OR
RULES FRAMED FOR THIS PURPOSE
- THE
COMPANY SHALL IMPART TRAINING IN HEALTH SAFETY AND OCCUAPTIONAL HEALTH TO
ALL EMPLOYEES SO THAT THE EMPLOYEES ARE ENABLES TO POSSESS TH REQUIRED
KNOWLEDGE INFORMATION AND UNDERSTANDING TO CARRYOUT THE RESPONSIBILITY OF
THEIR JOBS WITHOUT ENDANGERING THEMSELVES OTHER EMPLOYEES PLANT EQUIPTMENT
ENVIRONMENT AND PRODUCTS
CONTRIBUTORY CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS:
- MENTAL
CONDITIONS OF THE WORKER TO INCLUDE
v IMMATURE
AGE OF WORKER
v INEXPERIENCE
v IMPROPER
ATTITUDES
v LACK
OF CO ORDINATION
v LACK
OF CONCENTRATION TO WORK
- PHYSICAL
CONDITIONS OF THE WORKER TO INCLUDE
v EXTREMELY
FATIGUED
v PHYSICALLY
UNQUALIFIED FOR THE JOB
v PHYSICALLY
HANDICAPPED
v BAD
STATE OF HEALTH
- SUPERVISORY
SAFETY PERFORMANCE TO INCLUDE
v SAFETY
INSTRUCTIONS NOT GIVEN
v SAFETY
RULES NOT ENFORCED
v HAZARDOUS
CONDITIONS NOT CORRECTED
v POOR
DISCIPLINE
- ENVIRONMENTAL
CAUSES TO INCLUDE
v INSUFFICIENT
ILLUMINATION
v INSUFFICIENT
VENTILLATION
v EXTREME
TEMPERATURE
v EXCESSIVE
TEMPERATURE
v EXCESSIVE
NOISE AND VIBRATIONS
v UNSAFE
WORKING SPEEDS
v TOXIC
ENVIRONMENT
v LONG
WORKING HOURS
v EXTREME
PRESSURE OF WORK
DOMINO MULTIPLE CAUSTION THEORY:
v ACCIDENTS ARE THE RESULTS OF MANY CONTRIBUTORY
FAUSES AND SUB CAUSES
v RANDOM
COMBINATION OF SUCH FACTORS RESULT INTO ACCIDENTS
THE FERRELL THEORY:
v ACCIDENTS
ARE THE RESULTS OF HUMAN ERRORS
v HUMAN
ERRORS RESULTS BECAUSE OF CAUSAL CHAIN OF OVERLOAD SITUATIONAL INCOMPATIBILITY
INCORRECT RESPONSE ACCIDENTS
INDIRECT COSTS:
v COST
OF TIME LOST OF THE TEAMMATES OF THE INJURED PERSONS WHO STOP WORK
v COST OF TIME LOST OF THE FELLOW EMPLOYEES WHO STOP
WORK
OUT OF CURIOSITY OUT OF SYMPATHY
TO ASSIST INJURED EMPLOYEE
v COST
OF TIME LOST OF THE SUPERVISORS FOREMEN AND OTHER EXECUTIVES ASSISTING INJURED PERSONS MAKING SUBSTITUTE ARRANGEM INVESTIGATING THE CAUSE OF ACCIDENTS PREPARING ACCIDENT REPORTS ATTENDING HEARING BEFORE THE STATE OFFICIALS
SELECTING AND TRAINING OF THE NEW WORKER TO FILL VACANCY
ACCIDENTS COST TO THE SOCIETY:
v THE
FAMILY OF THE INJURED EMPLOYEES SUFFERS PAIN HARDSHIPS AND FINANCIAL LOSS
v THE
SOCIETY BEARS THE SOCIAL AND FINANCIAL BURDEN OF MAINTENANCE OF ALL INJURED
PARSONS AND THEIR FAMILIES
v THE
SOCIETY AS CONSUMERS PAY INCREASED COST OF PRODUCTION DUE TO DIRECT AND
INDIRECT COSTS INCURRED BY THE MANAGEMENT EHICH ARE ULTIMATELY PASSED ON THE
CONSUMER
AIM OF AN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
v EVERY
ACCIDENTS HAS SOME UNDERLYING CAUSES UNSAFE ACTS AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS
v ACCIDENTS
EXHIBITS A PARTICULAR PATTERNS OF OCCURENCES
v IDENTIFY
HIGH RISK JOBS OR WORK AREAS.
v IDENTIFY
FACTORS THAT CAN CAUSE ACCIDENTS
TYPES OF REPORTS AND RECORDS
v FIRST
AID REPORTS
v ACCIDENTS
REPORTS
v ACCIDENTS
INVESTIGATION REPORTS
v ACCIDENTS
PARTICULAR CARDS
v SAFETY
EDUCATION AND TRAINING REPORTS
THE PURPOSE OF AN ACCIDENT RECORD
v TO
EVALUATE THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ACCIDENT PROBLEMS
v TO
IDENTIFY THE HIGH RATE OF ACCIDENT PROBLEMS
v TO
PROVIDE THE DATA FOR ANALYSIS OF ACCIDENTS
v TO
CREATE INTEREST AMONG THE WORKERS
v TO
MEASURE THE EFFECIENCY OF THE PRESENCE SAFETY PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES
v TO
TAKE ANY CHANGE IF NECESSARY
PRINCIPLES OF ACCIDENTS INVESTIGATION
v SHOULD BE FACT FINDING
v ALL
THE ACCIDENTS SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED
v INVESTIGATE
EACH CLUE
v SUGGEST
SUITABLE AND PRACTICAL PREVENTIVE MEASURES
v ENQUIRE
THE EACH WITNESS SEPARATELY
v ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION SHOULD BE DONE IMMEDIATEDLY AFTER THE INCIDENT ACCIDENT
THE PURPOSE OF AN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
v TO
DETERMINE THE CAUSES SO THAT THE SIMILAR ACCIDENTS CAN BE PREVENTED BY
SUPERVISORS BY MEANS OF WORK PLACE IMPROVEMENTS & TRAINING ETC.
v TO
DETERMINE CHANGE OR DEVIATION THAT PRODUCE AN ERROR THAT INTERN RESULTED IN AND
ACCIDENT
v TO
DESIGN AND PLAN FOR SUITABLE TRAINING
v TO
PUBLICIZE THE PARTICULAR HAZARDS AMONG EMPLOYEES AND SUPERVISORS TO DIRECT
ATTENTION TO ACCIDENT PREVENTION
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS:
- FUNCTION
WISE (I.E DEPARTMENT/SECTION WHERE ACCIDENT OCCURRED?)
PRODUCTION
MAINTENANCE
STORES
CONSTRUCTION
CONSERVANCY
CIVIL
- OPERATION
WISE(I.E OPERATION WHICH CAUSED THE ACCDIENTS?)
TURNING
DRILLING
MILLIN
GRINDING
WELDING
FITTING
PAINTING
MATERIALS HANDLING
- AGENCY
WISE(I.E WHAT CAUSED THE ACCIDENTS)
MATERIALS HANDLING
PARTS OF MACHINERY
BURNS
SPLASH OF CHEMICALS
FALLING BODY
SLIPPERY FLOOR/PRODUCING OBJECTS
ELECTRICAL SWITCHES
- PART
OF THE BODY WISE (WHICH POART OF THE BODY WAS INJURED?)
HEAD
EYE
FACE
FINGERS
LEGS
TOES ETC.
PREVETING UNSAFE ACTS
- CORRECTIVE
ACTION BY SUPERVISORY STAFF:A WELL TRAINED SUPERVISOR ON THE SHOP FLOOR
CAN EASILY DETECT UNSAFE ACTS WHILE SUPERVISING WORK OF HIS WORKFORCE AND
EVEN TAKE STEPS TO ERADICATYE SUCH ACTS SPECIAL EFFORTS HOWEVER MAY BE
REQUIRED ON HIS PART TO OVERCOME LONG OUTSTYANDING BAD HABITS OF SOME OF
HIS WORKERS
- COMPULSORY
USE OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPTMENT: USE OF PROTECTIVE STEEL TOED SHOES HELMETS
GOGGLES ETC BY THE EMPLOYEES MUST BE MADE COMPULSORY WORKMEN NOT OBSERVING
THE RULES SHOULD BE EDUCATED CAUTIONED WARNED AND DISCIPLINE
- SIZE
- NO
RIGID SIZE THEY SHOULD BE SUITABLE SIZE
- STOCKED
- STOCK
MAY BE PREPARED FROM CLOTHY OR JUTE OR PAPER BOARD DEPENDING UPON THE USE
TO WHICH THEY ARE TO BE PUT
- TAG
REINFORCEMENT
- WHEN
NECESSARY THEY MAY BE REINFORCEED
- HOLE
- THE
DIAMETER OF THE HOLE OF THE TAG MAY BE VARYING IT IS GENERALLY KEPT AS 5
MM AS N ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT METAL EYELETS MAY BE INSERTED IN TO THE
HOLE
- TAG
- TAG
MAY BE ATTACHED TO THE REINFORCING SUBSTANCE WITH WATER PROOF AND ADHESIVE
WHEN IT IS SUBJECT ABNORMAL HUMID CONDITIONS
- TAG
ATTACHMENT
- THEY
SHALL BE ATTCHED EITHER BY A TWICE OR STEEL WIRE
HAZARD CHECK LIST
a) HOUSE
KEEPING: STATE WHETHER OR NOT AISLES ARE CLEAR STOCK PROPERLY PILED FLOORS FREE
FROM SLIPPING AND TIPPING HAZARDS AND WORK AREA ORDERLY
b) MACHINE
HAZARDS: STATE WHAT GUARDS ARE FOUND NOT IN USE AND WHERE GUARDS SHOULD BE
PROPVIDED THIS SHOULD INCLUDE GEARS SPROCKETS CHAINS BOLTS SHAFTING ETC.
c) FIRE
HAZARDS:
• OVER
FLOW PANS
- ARE
ALL FIRE FIGHTING APPLIANCES AND FIRE EXISTS READY FOR IMMEDIATE USE?
- ARE
INFLAMMABLE MATERIALS PROPERLY HANDLED AND STORED
d) PROTECTIVE
EQUIPTMENT: ARE GOGGLES RESPIRATIONS SAFETY CAPS AND OTHER EQUIPTMENT BEING WORM
AS REQUIRED JEWELLERY RINGS AND WRIST WATCH ARE A SOURCE OF DANGER AROUND
MOVING MACHINERY
e) ELECTRICAL
EQUIPTMENT: NOTE CONDITIONS OF SWITCHES OUTLETS LIGHT CORDS AND GROUNDS WIRES
f) TOOLS
- ARE
PROPER TOOLS BEING USED FOR EACH JOB
- ARE
HANDLES MISSING FROM FILES CHISLES MUSHROOMED HAMMERS WRENCHES AND SCREW
DRIVERS DEFECTIVE? ARE FEEDS AND SPEEDS PROPERLY SET?
g) GENERAL
CONDITIONS:
- ARE
BOARD WITH NAILS LEFT ON FLOOR?
- ARE
LADDERS STRAITS GUARDS AND OTHER EQUIPTMENT IN NEED OF REPAIR
- IS
CUTTING FLUID LIKELY TO SPILL ON THE FLOOR?
COLOR CODING:
RED:USED EXCLUSIVELY IN CONNECTION WITH FIRE PREVENTION
AND FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPTMENT
ORANGE: INDICATES DANGEROUS POINTS OF MACHINERY THAT CUT
CRUSH SHOCK OTHERWISW INJURE
YELLOW:THE UNIVERSAL SIGNAL FOR CAUTION IT IS USED MOST
OFTEN TO MARK AREAS WHEN THERE IS TRIPPING FALLING STORING AGAINST OR BEING
CAUGHT IN BETWEEN HAZARDS
GREEN:THE BASIC SAFETY COLOR IT SHOULD BE USED TO
INDICATE THE LOCATION OF FIRST AID EQUIPTMENT GAS MASKS SAFETY DELUGE SHOWERS
AND SAFETY BULLETIN BOARDS
BLUE:A CAUTIONARY COLOR IT IS A SPECIFIC WARNING AGAINST
STARTING THAT EQUIPTMENT AS ELEVATORS BOILERS SCAFFOLDINGS LADDERS AND SO FORTH
COURSES:
v Diploma
in occupational Health And Safety
v Diploma
in industrial safety
v Diploma
in electrical safety
v Diploma
in fire fighting
v Diploma
in construction safety
v Certificate
in fire and safety engineering
v Diploma
in fire and safety engineering
v PG
diploma in fire and safety engineering
v Certificate
in oil and Gas safety
v Diploma
in oil and Gas safety
v Diploma
in health ,safety and Environment
v PG
diploma in Health ,safety Environment
v JOB
PLACEMENT :
NSA will give100% job
placement assistance to all successful candidates. Some of the Industries
are listed below.
Oil Refineries,
Port trust,
Airport,
Chemical Industries,
Insurance,
Construction and
service industries are main job providers.
Students passed out from this
institute can find job opportunities as Safety Supervisor, Safety
Inspector, Safety Officer, Safety Manager, Fireman and Fire Officer.
Contact us:
No. 714, 1st Floor, M.T.H
Road,
Mannurpet, Chennai – 600 050.
+91 7667442300
Ph: 26242038 ,26242318
Mobile No:8643055672
Website –
http://safetyacademy.in/
Email : info@safetyacademy.in
